End of the Third Republic and the emergence of new political forces in Mozambique

Abstract

This study reflects on the three moments of post-independence Mozambican politics, evoking the main crises that dictated the end of the Third Republic. Namely: the First Samorian Republic characterized by the Single-Party System (1975-1986); the Second Multi-Party Republic (1990-1994); and the Third Republic (1994 to the present day), which characterizes the crisis of the party-State. The analysis is based on the main literature that focuses on this subject. It is concluded that the end of the Third Republic is the result of a set of causes internal and external to the Frelimo party, which is the party that governs the country. Internally: There is a growing divisionism among its main members, demonstrated in this study in excerpts from letters, which reveals the failure of internal democracy. Externally: There is a drop in confidence, the demonstrations called by Venâncio Mondlane, unemployment, lack of access to quality education, an increase in the number of voices criticizing the government's management, and mainly the rise of opposition parties that mobilize masses that until 5 years ago were unknown to the people. However, it is anticipated that possible survival in the coming years depends on the ability to correct the current problems.